Example Mass Battle

Thoreon's army came to save the poor people of Savford from the vile orc hordes.  Arriving at the battle site first, Thoreon established his army on a low hill overlooking the valley.  Soon, however, the horde arrived and the battle began.  Below is a chart detailing the forces each army has and the ratings they received.
 

The Orc Horde (Attacker)

Thoreon's Army (Defender)

Factor	Rating	Factor	Rating
10 Orc Units  2 Ogre Units	10  4	2 Infantry Units  1 Archery Unit	2  1
High Morale  Level 7 War Priest	1  4	1 Cavalry Unit  1 Knight Unit	2  2
		Favorable Terrain  Popular Support	1  1
		Level 8 Warrior (Thoreon)  Level 10 Wizard	1  4
Total	19	Total	14

Subtracting the Defender's rating from the Attacker's rating equals +5.  The orcs have the advantage.  A d20 is rolled and +5 is added to the result.  Unfortunately for Thoreon, the DM is rolling well today.  The DM rolls a 19 to which +5 is added, resulting in a modified roll of 24!  The orcs were victorious with no loses, while Thoreon's army was annihilated.  Notice, however, that had the roll been low, Thoreon could have been the victor but he would have taken loses.  On a roll of 1, the modifier would have resulted in a 6, which would have left Thoreon the winner, but with 30% fewer units.  But the orcs would have lost 60% of their army.  Unfortunately, that was not the outcome and the poor people of Savford have been conquered by a horde of orcs.

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